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ion channel:
Transmembrane protein complex that forms a water-filled channel
across the lipid bilayer through which specific inorganic ions
can diffuse down their electrochemical gradients.
ionic bond:
Cohesion between two atoms, one with a positive charge, the other
with a negative charge. One type of noncovalent bond.
ionophore:
Small hydrophobic molecule that dissolves in lipid bilayers and
increases their permeability to specific inorganic ions.
IP3 (inositol trisphosphate):
Small water-soluble molecule produced by the cleavage of the inositol
phospholipid PIP2 in response to extracellular
signals; causes release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum.
isoelectric point:
The pH at which a charged molecule in solution has no net electric
charge and therefore does not move in an electric field.
isoforms:
Multiple forms of the same protein that differ somewhat in their
amino acid sequence. They can be produced by different genes or
by alternative splicing of RNA transcripts from the same gene.
isomers:
Molecules that are formed from the same atoms in the same chemical
linkages but have different three-dimensional conformations.
isoprene:
Small unsaturated hydrocarbon containing five carbon atoms.
The parent compound of isoprenoids. |
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isoprenoid (polyisoprenoid):
Member of a large family of lipid molecules with a carbon
skeleton based on multiple 5-carbon isoprene units. Examples
include retinoic acid and cholesterol.
isotope:
One of a number of forms of an atom that have the same chemistry
but differ in atomic weight. May be either stable or radioactive.
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