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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid):
Polynucleotide formed from covalently linked deoxyribonucleotide
units; serves as the carrier of genetic information.
DNA library:
Collection of cloned DNA molecules, representing either an entire
genome (genomic library) or DNA copies of the mRNA produced
by a cell (cDNA library).
DNA sequencing:
Determination of the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
DNA transcription:
see transcription
domain:
Portion of a protein that has a tertiary structure of its own.
In larger proteins each domain is connected to other domains
by short flexible regions of polypeptide.
dominant:
Refers to the member of a pair of alleles that is expressed
in the phenotype of the organism while the other allele is not,
even though both alleles are present. Also refers to the phenotype
expressed by a dominant allele. Opposite of recessive.
dominant negative mutation:
Mutation that dominantly affects the phenotype by means of a
defective protein or RNA molecule that interferes with the function
of the normal gene product in the same cell.
dorsal:
Relating to the back of an animal; also the upper surface of
a leaf, wing, etc.
Drosophila melanogaster:
Species of small fly, commonly called a fruit fly, much used
in genetic studies of development.
dynein:
Member of a family of large motor proteins that undergo ATP-dependent
movement along microtubules. In the ciliary axoneme, dynein
forms the side arms that cause adjacent microtubule doublets
to slide past one another.
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